• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Installation for the treatment by membrane permeation of a feed gas stream comprising at least methane and carbon dioxide, comprising: - a compressor making it possible to compress the feed gas stream, - a first membrane separation unit suitable receiving the gas stream from the compressor and providing a first permeate and a first retentate, - a second membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first retentate and providing a second permeate and a second retentate, - a third separation unit by membrane able to receive the first permeate and to provide a third permeate and a third retentate, - a fourth membrane separation unit capable of receiving the third retentate and to provide a fourth permeate and a fourth retentate, - at least a first means measuring the pressure of the feed gas flow at the inlet of the first membrane separation unit, and - at least one means for adjusting the number of membranes combined and connected to the incoming gas flow, in at least one of the membrane separation units as a function of the measurement recorded by the first measurement means.
    公开号:FR3084842A1
    申请号:FR1857384
    申请日:2018-08-08
    公开日:2020-02-14
    发明作者:Jean-Marc CHAREYRE；Veronique Grabie；Golo Zick
    申请人:Air Liquide SA；LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to an installation for the treatment by membrane permeation of a gas stream containing at least methane and carbon dioxide to produce a gas stream rich in methane - the methane content of which meets the needs of its use and to a method for controlling such an installation.
    It relates in particular to the purification of biogas, with the aim of producing biomethane in accordance with the specifications for injection into a natural gas network.
    Biogas is the gas produced during the degradation of organic matter in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic fermentation) also called methanization. It may be natural degradation - this is observed in marshes or household waste dumps - but the production of biogas can also result from the methanisation of waste in a dedicated reactor, called a methanizer or digester.
    From its main constituents - methane and carbon dioxide - biogas is a powerful greenhouse gas; it also constitutes, at the same time, an appreciable source of renewable energy in a context of scarcity of fossil fuels.
    Biogas mainly contains methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in variable proportions depending on the method of production, but also, in smaller proportions, water, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, as well as other organic compounds, in trace amounts.
    Depending on the degraded organic matter and the techniques used, the proportions of the components differ, but on average biogas comprises, on dry gas, from 30 to 75% of methane, from 15 to 60% of CO2, from 0 to 15% of nitrogen, 0 to 5% oxygen and trace compounds.
    Biogas is valued in different ways. After a light treatment, it can be used near the production site to provide heat, electricity or a mixture of the two (cogeneration); the high content of carbon dioxide reduces its calorific value, increases the compression and transport costs and limits the economic interest of its recovery to this local use.
    Further purification of the biogas allows its wider use, in particular, further purification of the biogas makes it possible to obtain a biogas purified to the specifications of natural gas and which may be substituted for it; the biogas thus purified is “biomethane”. Biomethane thus supplements natural gas resources with a renewable part produced in the heart of the territories; it can be used for exactly the same uses as natural gas of fossil origin. It can supply a natural gas network, a filling station for vehicles, it can also be liquefied to be stored in the form of liquid natural gas (LNG) ...
    The methods of valorization of biomethane are determined according to local contexts: local energy needs, possibilities of valorization as biomethane fuel, existence close to networks of distribution or transport of natural gas in particular. Creating synergies between the various actors working on a territory (farmers, industrialists, public authorities), the production of biomethane helps the territories to acquire greater energy autonomy.
    Several steps must be taken between the collection of biogas and the obtaining of biomethane, the final product capable of being compressed or liquefied.
    In particular, several steps are necessary before the treatment which aims to separate the carbon dioxide to produce a stream of purified methane. A first step consists in compressing the biogas which has been produced and conveyed at atmospheric pressure, this compression can be obtained - conventionally - via a lubricated screw compressor. The following stages aim to rid the biogas of the corrosive components that are hydrogen sulphide and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the technologies used are conventionally pressure-modulated adsorption (PSA) and trapping on activated carbon. Then comes the step which consists in separating the carbon dioxide in order to have methane in fine at the purity required for its subsequent use.
    Carbon dioxide is a contaminant typically found in natural gas which it is common to have to remove. Various technologies are used for this depending on the situation; among these, membrane technology is particularly effective when the CO2 content is high; it is therefore particularly effective in separating the CO2 present in biogas, and in particular in landfill gas. The membrane gas separation processes used for the purification of a gas, whether they use one or more stages of membranes, must allow the production of a gas of the required quality, at a low cost, while minimizing the losses of the gas that we want to develop. Thus, in the case of the purification of biogas, the separation carried out is mainly a CH4 / CO2 separation, which should allow the production of a gas containing, depending on its use, more than 85% of CH4, preferably more than 95% of CO2, more preferably more than 97.5% of CH4, while minimizing the losses of CH4 in the waste gas and the cost of purification, the latter being for a large part linked to the electrical consumption of the gas compression device upstream of the membranes.
    It is preferable that the installations allowing the production of a methane-enriched gas flow can control the loss of methane.
    From there, a problem is to provide a facility for obtaining a stream of methane at constant concentration.
    A solution of the present invention is an installation for the treatment by membrane permeation of a feed gas stream comprising at least methane and carbon dioxide, comprising:
    - a compressor making it possible to compress the gas supply flow,
    a first membrane separation unit able to receive the gas flow coming from the compressor and to provide a first permeate and a first retentate,
    a second membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first retentate and of providing a second permeate and a second retentate,
    a third membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first permeate and of providing a third permeate and a third retentate,
    a fourth membrane separation unit capable of receiving the third retentate and of providing a fourth permeate and a fourth retentate,
    at least one first means for measuring the pressure of the supply gas flow at the inlet of the first membrane separation unit, and
    - At least one means for adjusting the number of membranes combined and connected to the incoming gas flow, in at least one of the membrane separation units as a function of the measurement recorded by the first measurement means.
    Preferably the membranes combined in the same membrane separation unit are placed in parallel as illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 clearly shows that through the valves the membranes are yes or no traversed by the flow entering said unit. membrane separation.
    An example of installation according to the invention is shown in Figure 1.
    Depending on the case, the installation according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:
    the first measurement means is chosen from a measurement of the pressure of the gas flow entering the first separation unit or a measurement of the pressure of the second retentate from the second separation unit;
    - The means for adjusting the number of membranes comprises at least one valve. Preferably said valve will be included in the membrane separation unit in which it is desired to adjust the number of membranes;
    - the fourth retentate is recycled to the compressor, making it possible to compress the feed gas flow.
    - the membranes used in the membrane separation units have the same selectivity.
    - at least one membrane separation unit comprises at least two membranes of the same selectivity;
    - at least one membrane separation unit comprises at least two membranes of different selectivities
    - at least one membrane separation unit uses a membrane with a selectivity different from the selectivity of the membranes of the other membrane separation units.
    The present invention also relates to a method for controlling an installation according to the invention, comprising the following steps:
    a step for measuring the pressure of the supply gas flow at the inlet of the first membrane separation unit
    a step of comparing this measurement with a set value, and determining the deviation from this set value, and
    a step of adjusting the number of membranes combined and connected to the incoming gas flow, in at least one of the membrane separation units as a function of the difference determined so as to keep the methane concentration in the second retentate constant.
    Depending on the case, the method according to the invention may have one or more of the characteristics below:
    the step of adjusting the number of membranes comprises: the successive addition of a membrane in the first membrane separation unit, then in the third membrane separation unit and finally in the second membrane separation unit, or the successive removal of a membrane in the first membrane separation unit, then in the third membrane separation unit and finally in the second membrane separation unit;
    the steps of measurement, comparison and adjustment are carried out automatically by means of data transmission and data processing.
    According to a second alternative, the method for controlling an installation according to the invention comprises the following steps:
    a step (i) for measuring the pressure of the feed gas flow at the inlet of the first membrane separation unit
    a step (ii) of adjusting the number of membranes combined and connected to the incoming gas flow, in at least one of the membrane separation units by following the following rule:
    • When the pressure measured in step (i) passes above a threshold SI previously fixed, a membrane is added in the first membrane separation unit, then in the third membrane separation unit and finally in the second membrane separation unit;
    • When the pressure measured in step (i) falls below a previously set threshold S2, a membrane is removed in the first membrane separation unit, then in the third membrane separation unit and finally in the second membrane separation unit.
    Depending on the case, the method according to this second alternative may have one or more of the following characteristics:
    - the measurement and adjustment steps are carried out automatically by means of data transmission and data processing. A means of data transmission and data processing could for example be an industrial computer of the Programmable Logic type.
    - the feed gas flow is biogas.
    The present invention will be described in more detail using FIG. 3.
    Figure 3 is a graph showing the number of membranes per Separation Unit as a function of events. In the graph the first membrane separation unit is called the first stage, the second membrane separation unit is called the second stage and the third membrane separation unit is called the third stage.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Installation for the treatment by membrane permeation of a feed gas stream comprising at least methane and carbon dioxide, comprising:
    - a compressor making it possible to compress the gas supply flow,
    a first membrane separation unit able to receive the gas flow coming from the compressor and to provide a first permeate and a first retentate,
    a second membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first retentate and of providing a second permeate and a second retentate,
    a third membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first permeate and of providing a third permeate and a third retentate,
    a fourth membrane separation unit capable of receiving the third retentate and of providing a fourth permeate and a fourth retentate,
    at least one first means for measuring the pressure of the supply gas flow at the inlet of the first membrane separation unit, and
    - At least one means for adjusting the number of membranes combined and connected to the incoming gas flow, in at least one of the membrane separation units as a function of the measurement recorded by the first measurement means.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the first measuring means is chosen from a measurement of the pressure of the gas flow at the inlet of the first separation unit or a measurement of the pressure of the second retentate of the second separation.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Installation according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the means for adjusting the number of membranes comprises at least one valve.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fourth retentate is recycled to the compressor for compressing the feed gas flow.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the membranes used in the membrane separation units have the same selectivity.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one membrane separation unit uses a membrane with selectivity different from the selectivity of the membranes of the other membrane separation units.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one membrane separation unit comprises at least two membranes of the same selectivity.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one membrane separation unit comprises at least two membranes of different selectivities.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Method for controlling an installation as defined in one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
    a step for measuring the pressure of the supply gas flow at the inlet of the first membrane separation unit
    a step of comparing this measurement with a set value, and of determining the deviation from this set value and,
    a step of adjusting the number of membranes combined and connected to the incoming gas flow, in at least one of the membrane separation units as a function of the difference determined so as to keep the methane concentration in the second retentate constant.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Control method according to claim 9, characterized in that the step of adjusting the number of membranes comprises:
    the successive addition of a membrane in the first membrane separation unit, then in the third membrane separation unit and finally in the second membrane separation unit, or
    - successive removal of a membrane in the first membrane separation unit, then in the third membrane separation unit and finally in the second membrane separation unit
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Method according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the steps of measurement, comparison and adjustment are carried out automatically by means of data transmission and data processing.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Method for controlling an installation as defined in one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
    a step (i) for measuring the pressure of the feed gas flow at the inlet of the first membrane separation unit
    a step (ii) of adjusting the number of membranes combined and connected to the incoming gas flow, in at least one of the membrane separation units by following the following rule:
    • When the pressure measured in step (i) passes above a threshold SI previously fixed, a membrane is added in the first membrane separation unit, then in the third membrane separation unit and finally in the second membrane separation unit;
    • When the pressure measured in step (i) falls below a previously set threshold S2, a membrane is removed in the first membrane separation unit, then in the third membrane separation unit and finally in the second membrane separation unit.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the steps of measurement and adjustment are carried out automatically by means of data transmission and data processing.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Method according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the feed gas flow is biogas.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP3046655B1|2019-11-06|Method and apparatus for the final purification of biogas for producing biomethane
    EP3369473A1|2018-09-05|Facility and method for treatment of a feed gas stream comprising methane and carbon dioxide by membrane permeation
    EP3613493A1|2020-02-26|Treatment by membrane permeation with adjustment of the number of membranes implemented according to the pressure of the feed gas stream
    EP3666367A1|2020-06-17|System and method for treating a gaseous current by membrane permeation with adjustment of the suction pressure of the second permeate
    EP3666368A1|2020-06-17|System and method for treating a gaseous current by membrane permeation with adjustment of the methane concentration
    FR2916363A1|2008-11-28|PROCESS FOR PURIFYING A CPSA GAS WITH TWO REGENERATION BEARINGS AND PURIFICATION UNIT FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
    EP3189123B1|2021-02-24|Method for purifying biogas through membranes at negative temperatures
    EP3666369A1|2020-06-17|System and method for treating a gaseous current by membrane permeation with adjustment of the suction pressure of the third permeate
    EP3610940A1|2020-02-19|Treatment by membrane permeation with adjustment of the temperature of the first retentate according to the ch4 concentration in the third and/or fourth permeate
    EP3610939A1|2020-02-19|Treatment by membrane permeation with adjustment of the pressure of the feed gas stream according to the ch4 concentration in the second retentate
    EP3628389A1|2020-04-01|Method for producing biomethane from a flow of biogas comprising solidification of impurities
    EP3892357A1|2021-10-13|System for treating biogas by membrane permeation with adaptation of the membrane surface according to the pressure of biogas
    EP3964280A1|2022-03-09|Device for controlling a facility for treatment of biogas by membrane permeation
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    FR3097774A1|2021-01-01|Plant for the treatment of a flow of methane and carbon dioxide by means of a vane compressor and a membrane separation unit
    FR3110092A1|2021-11-19|Installation and process for the production of biomethane with limited loss of methane and limited CO2 emissions
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN110813040A|2020-02-21|
    US20200047113A1|2020-02-13|
    FR3084842B1|2020-07-24|
    US20210283549A1|2021-09-16|
    US11052345B2|2021-07-06|
    EP3613493A1|2020-02-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20070125537A1|2005-12-02|2007-06-07|Membrane Technology And Research Inc.|Natural gas treatment process for stimulated well|
    US20120000355A1|2010-06-30|2012-01-05|Uop Llc|Flexible System To Remove Carbon Dioxide From A Feed Natural Gas|
    EP2735355A1|2012-11-27|2014-05-28|Technische Universität Wien|Permeator system for separating gas mixtures|
    FR3010640A1|2013-09-16|2015-03-20|Air Liquide|PROCESS FOR FINAL PURIFICATION OF BIOGAS TO PRODUCE BIOMETHANE|EP3892357A1|2020-04-09|2021-10-13|L'air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude|System for treating biogas by membrane permeation with adaptation of the membrane surface according to the pressure of biogas|
    EP3964280A1|2020-09-08|2022-03-09|L'air Liquide, Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'exploitation Des Procédés Georges Claude|Device for controlling a facility for treatment of biogas by membrane permeation|US5670051A|1996-05-23|1997-09-23|Membrane Technology And Research, Inc.|Olefin separation membrane and process|
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    EA032909B1|2012-11-14|2019-08-30|Эвоник Фибрес Гмбх|Control of gas composition of a gas separating plant with membranes|
    法律状态:
    2019-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-02-14| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20200214 |
    2020-08-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-08-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1857384|2018-08-08|
    FR1857384A|FR3084842B1|2018-08-08|2018-08-08|TREATMENT BY MEMBRANE PERMEATION WITH ADJUSTMENT OF THE NUMBER OF MEMBRANES IMPLEMENTED DEPENDING ON THE PRESSURE OF THE GAS FLOW SUPPLY|FR1857384A| FR3084842B1|2018-08-08|2018-08-08|TREATMENT BY MEMBRANE PERMEATION WITH ADJUSTMENT OF THE NUMBER OF MEMBRANES IMPLEMENTED DEPENDING ON THE PRESSURE OF THE GAS FLOW SUPPLY|
    EP19187230.8A| EP3613493A1|2018-08-08|2019-07-19|Treatment by membrane permeation with adjustment of the number of membranes implemented according to the pressure of the feed gas stream|
    CN201910726293.4A| CN110813040A|2018-08-08|2019-08-07|Membrane permeation process with regulation of the number of membranes used depending on the pressure of the feed gas stream|
    US16/536,307| US11052345B2|2018-08-08|2019-08-08|Membrane permeation treatment with adjustment of the number of membranes used as a function of the pressure of the feed gas flow|
    US17/336,131| US20210283549A1|2018-08-08|2021-06-01|Membrane permeation treatment with adjustment of the number of membranes used as a function of the pressure of the feed gas flow|
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